Tired of lower back pain? 

According to the WHO, approximately 1 in 13 people experience lower back pain, and it is the primary cause of disability. 

Back problems, or spinal disorders, are one of the most commonly diagnosed and prevalent health conditions that affect the quality of life. 

Since the spine acts as the first barrier and main support of our body, spine disorders can be quite painful. 

The disorders or problems can also become degenerative over time. Common conditions like herniated discs and more complex and chronic disorders fall under the umbrella of spine disorders. 

In this blog, let’s look into detail about spine disorders, their causes, symptoms, and treatment. 

What is spine disorder?

Spine disorders refer to problems or any deformity that are related to the spine in our body, from the neck down to the lower back. 

The spine plays a pivotal role in the everyday function and movement of the human body, and the complex structure of the spine makes it vulnerable to various disorders. 

The spine is made up of a series of vertebrae, ligaments, muscles, nerves, and intervertebral discs. All these components combine to provide support for the body, flexibility, and movement. 

The chief function of the spine is to house the spinal cord, which is a crucial component of the central nervous system. 

Common spine disorders

Let’s look at some of the most common spine disorders that affect spine health. 

1. Herniated disc: It is often a result of wear and tear injuries where the inner gel-like substance of the disc breaks through the outer layer. A herniated disc usually causes nerve compressions, pain, and numbness, usually in the arms or legs. Although common in the lower back (lumbar spine), it can happen in the neck (cervical spine) too. 
2. Scoliosis: often characterized by abnormal lateral curvature of the spine, is diagnosed during adolescence. But it can affect adults too. The severity can range from mild to intense. In severe cases, they experience pain, reduced range of motion, and even respiratory issues owing to reduced lung capacity. 
3. Spinal stenosis: Chiefly affects the older population due to the narrowing of the spinal canal. This leads to increased pressure on the spinal cord and nerves, causing pain, muscle weakness, and numbness in the leg. 
4. Degenerative disc diseases: Natural degradation of the spine occurs over time, causing chronic pain, instability, and reduced mobility. 
5. Spinal Cord Injuries: Often the result of trauma, spinal cord injuries can lead to varying degrees of sensory loss and paralysis. 

Causes of spine disorders

The causes of spinal disorders can originate from outside or inside. Outside causes usually include trauma or injury, like a bone fracture. It can also occur due to a number of disorders, like: 

1. Tumor 
2. Blockage of blood supply 
3. Autoimmune diseases 
4. Syphilis 
5. Multiple Sclerosis 
6. Vitamin deficiency 
7. Fluid-filled cavities 

Furthermore, the risk factors include. 

1. Obesity 
2. Improper lifting technique 
3. Poor posture 
4. Rheumatoid arthritis, thyroid disease, and osteoarthritis
5. sedentary lifestyle
6. Smoking 
7. Low calcium intake 

Symptoms of spine disorders

The symptoms of spine disorders vary for each individual disorder. But the most commonly experienced symptoms are: 

1. Pian in the back and neck 
2. Tightness and stiffness in the spine 
3. Abnormal roundness in the back and shoulder
4. Uncontrolled muscle spasm 
5. Loss of sensation 
6. Dysfunction of bladder and bowel movements 
7. Weakness in the limbs and paralysis

Treatment options for spine disorders

Treatments may differ depending on the type of spine disorder a person has. For some, the condition may be irreversible, but for others, with the right treatment, it is possible to lead a normal life. 

Treatment may include: 

1. Physical therapy 
2. Minimally invasive spine surgery 
3. Modification inactivity 
4. Steroid injections 
5. Spinal bracing 

Also, medications are given and recommended to control pain, blood pressure, muscle spasticity, etc. 

Prevention strategies for maintaining a healthy spine

Taking certain care and following certain routines will help maintain a healthy spine. Regular exercises strengthen muscles, which will prevent spinal injuries. So, make sure to incorporate stretches and gentle exercises into your routine. 

Maintaining proper posture is also important to prevent any spinal cord stress or sprains. It is advised to have good lumbar support while sitting for extended periods of time. 

While engaging in physical activities that pose danger, like skateboarding, biking, or skiing, it is advised to wear proper safety gear. Also, it is important to wear the right shoes that provide enough cushion. 

When lifting weights, it is right to lift with your legs instead of your back to prevent any potential injury. 

Conclusion 

Spinal disorders encompass a wide range of conditions affecting the structure and function of the spine, leading to symptoms such as pain and limited mobility. These disorders can result from various causes, including traumatic injuries, infections, tumors, and more. 

Early diagnosis and comprehensive treatment plans are crucial to managing these conditions effectively.

Oxymed is one of the leading spine hospitals in Chennai, with a team of expert doctors who employ state-of-the-art technology and vast expertise to provide relief to patients. 

Check out our website to learn more. 

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