The word orthopaedic is derived from the title of a book published by a French physician, Nicolas Andry, in 1741: Orthapaedia, or the Art of Correcting and Preventing defomities.

Orthapaedic surgery is a specialty dealing with acute injuries, congenital and acquired disorders, and chronic arthritis, or overuse conditions of bones, joints, and their associated soft tissues, including ligaments, nerves, and muscles.

If you are interested in or searching for a good blog on Orthopaedic surgery, then you have landed on the right page. Read along with the blog and get to know the best bone and joint care.

Knee replacement surgery

In a healthy knee, the ends of your thigh and shin bones are covered with hard cartilage, which allows the bones to move easily against each other.

Arthritis damages the hard cartilage so that it becomes thin. You’ll need a knee replacement if you are experiencing

  • Pain and stiffness, instability, or loss of function , that affects your daily life and activities.

In knee replacement surgery, the worn ends of bones are replaced with metal and plastic parts. Common types of knee replacement surgery:

  • Total knee replacement: that involves replacing the joint surface at the end of your thigh bone (femur) and the joint surface at the top of your skin bone (tibia).
  • Unicompartimental partial knee replacement: there are three compartments of knee: the inner, the outer, and the kneecap. Partial replacements can be carried out if arthrits affect one side of your knee, usually the inner side.
  • Kneecap replacement: it is possible to replace just the under-surface of the kneecap and its groove (trochlea) if these are the only parts affected by arthritis.

Hip replacement surgery

Hip replacement is surgery to replace all or part of the hip joint with a man-made joint called prosthesis.

You might be a good candidate for hip replacement if symptoms in your hip are making it hard (or impossible) to participate in your daily routine. Here are some of the causes:

  • Arthritis: osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis.
  • Osteonecrosis
  • Traumas like car accidents or falls.
  • Femoroacetabular inpingment (FAI) and so on.

Surgeons suggest the following types of hip replacement surgery as per the requirement:

  • Total hip replacement: surgeons will replace the top (femoral head) of your thigh bone (femur) and the socket it fits into (acetabulum).
  • Partial hip replacement: these are usually done to repair certain types of broken hips or to remove certain types of tumors.

Spinal fusion surgery 

Spinal fusion is a surgical technique that permanently joins two or more of the spine’s vertebrae, or bones. It is a major procedure that requires extensive healing time for the bones to fuse fully and for the body to recover from surgical trauma.

  • Anterior spinal fusion: approaching the spine from the front, the intervertebral disk and/or vertebral body is removed, and a bone graft is inserted.
  • Cervical spinal fusion: invloves cervical segment, including, base of the skull, the occiput, and the first thoracic spine.
  • Posterior cervical and lumbar spinal fusion: fusion done from the back, using lamina, facets, and spinous processes on the neck and the back, respectively.
  • Transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion: that involves anterior interbody fusion done through a transforaminal route.

ACL reconstruction surgery

The Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACI) is considered very important for normal knee function, the disruption of which may result in malfunction, meniscal lesions, and the early onset of joint degeneration.

Current methods in the reconstruction of ACL include different types of autografts and allografts to replace native ligaments. The ideal graft for reconstruction of ACL is one that is biomechnaically similar to the native ligament, is easily harvested, has the least harvest site morbidity, and gets well incorporated with the bone.

Previous clinical results indicated that double-bound ACL reconstruction is equivalent to or even superior to single bundle ACL reconstruction in regaining anterior and rotation stability.

Rotator Cuff surgery

The rotator cuff is a group of muscles and tendons that surround the shoulder joint, keeping the head of the upper arm bone firmly within the shallow socket of the shoulder (glenoid). Symptoms include,

  • Torn meniscus pain, swelling, stiffness, and location sensation in your knee.

Various repair types include:

  • Open repair: involves making an incision several centimeters long over your shoulder.
  • Mini-open repair:  uses arthroscopy to assess and treat damage to other structures within the joint, such as bony spurs.

Treatment depends on the type, size, and location of the tear, as well as the age and activity level.

Carpal tunnel release Surgery 

Used to treat and potentially heal the painful condition known as carpal tunnel syndrome.

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: a numbness and tingling in the hand and arm caused by a pinched nerve in the wrist.

The reasons that a healthcare provider would recommend carpal tunnel surgery may include:

  1. Non-surgical interventions for carpal tunnel syndrome haven’t relieved the pain.
  2. The muscles of the hands or wrists are weak and are actually getting smaller. This is because of a severe pinching of the median nerve.

It is usually an outpatient procedure, which means you can go home the same day as the surgery.

Total shoulder replacement surgery

Shoulder arthroplasty has been the subject of marked advances over the last few years. Detailed anatomical studies about the morphology of the proximal humerus have facilitated the design of newer modular implant systems.

The common causes of shoulder deformations include the breakdown of cartilage and the articular surfaces of the bones of the shoulder joint.

If arthritis progresses far enough and conservative treatment does not relieve your symptoms, then shoulder replacement is appropriate.

Depending on the severity shoulder replacement surgery can be of two types,

  1. Total shoulder replacement: in this, the surgeons will replace the articulating surfaces, glenoid fossa, and hemeral head to allow for pain-free movements.
  2. Reverse total replacement: it is performed if the rotator cuff has been damaged beyond repair.

Are you a person with prolonged shoulder pain? Without delay, visit the best orthopaedic hospitals in Chennai for effective treatment.

Ankle fusion surgery

Surgical technique commonly performed for ankle arthritis. The term fusion refers to the joining of two bones through the removal of a joint.

The ankle joint itself is made up of the two bones in the lower leg (tibia and fibula) and the talus (large bone that connects to both the tibia and fibula). An ankle fusion removes the arthritic joint surfaces of the tibia and the talus and fixes these bones together.

Every individual case needs a thorough assessment and management plan. There are several techniques available for achieving a successful ankle fusion.

  1. Anterior ankle f.: this technique involves making a midline incision over the front of the ankle joint.
  2. Transfibular ankle f.: this is often reserved for patients with significant deformities secondary to their arthritis.

Once a successful union has occurred, normal activities can be resumed.

Fracture repair surgery 

If you break a bone, fracture repair surgery can reduce the risk of complications and encourage your body’s natural healing process. Most minor fractures respond to traditional treatments like casting and splinting. However, more complex issues may require surgical intervention.

Symptoms of bone fractures include:

  • Pain and swelling.
  • Tenderness
  • Inability to move a part of your body like you usually can.
  • Bruising or discoloration
  • A deformity or bump that’s not usually on your body.

The most common type of fracture surgery involves internal fixation, where broken pieces of bone are placed back in the right position using surgical screws, pins, rods, or plates. It is most commonly used in fractures of the ankle, forearm, and legbones.

Conclusion

Orthopaedic surgeries can be done either traditionally or using an arthroscope. Traditional surgeries are more invasive and frequently necessitate more recovery time, whereas arthroscopic surgery is less invasive and necessitates less recovery time.

If you or your loved ones are suffering from pain following an injury, you need a capable, board-certified orthopaedic surgeon and to step into the realm of transformative surgery and healthcare at one of the best orthopaedic hospitals in Oxymed and have a quality healing process. 

Book an appointment or visit our hospital directly

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